Ancient Chinese astronomer Shi Shen’s star catalog, known as The Star Manual of Master Shi, is now considered the oldest star chart in the world. Constellations were seen by the ancient Chinese as palaces or celestial mansions. Eventually, the Star Manual of Master Shi, or Shi Shi Xing Jing, became a meticulous record of his observations. “[Our method] effectively mitigates the error issues encountered in previous methodologies, thus reliably resolving the challenge of determining the observation epochs of ancient Chinese stars,” they said. “The Shi’s Star Catalog predates even the oldest Western star catalogs, affirming its status as the oldest star catalog in the world.”