By interrogating the mechanisms that allow Centaur to effectively replicate human behavior, they argue, scientists could develop new theories about the inner workings of the mind. Even if Centaur does capture something important about human psychology, scientists may struggle to extract any insight from the model’s millions of neurons. Understanding an enormous neural-network model of the human mind may not prove much easier than understanding the thing itself. Unlike Centaur, which was trained to mimic human behavior in dozens of different tasks, each tiny network can only predict behavior in one specific task. Studies like Mattar’s are making some progress toward closing that gap—as tiny as his networks are, they can predict behavior more accurately than traditional psychological models.