Sudan Witness is an initiative by the Center for Information Resilience (CIR), a non-profit group which works to expose human rights violations. According to an advance copy of the report obtained by the BBC, Sudan Witness analysed 384 airstrikes conducted between April 2023 and July 2025. Sudan Witness calculates the credibility level of a reported airstrike based on publicly available digital information known as open source. Sudan Witness analysed a series of air strikes in the city centre carried out in February this year, also documented by Human Rights Watch. You can access the Sudan Witness report here when it is published on 10 December.